Organic Cotton vs Conventional Cotton: Which is Better?

Cotton is known for its softness, breathability, and durability and has been a staple in the fashion industry for centuries. Its versatility has made it popular for various garments, from casual t-shirts to elegant dresses.

As the fashion industry evolved, so did the methods of cotton production. Initially, most cotton was grown using traditional agricultural practices that relied heavily on synthetic pesticides and fertilizers. However, growing concerns about the environmental impact of these chemicals led to a search for more sustainable alternatives. This search resulted in the development of alternative ways to produce cotton without harmful synthetic inputs.

But does producing cotton that is environmentally conscious make it better? Let’s find out!

How is Conventional Cotton Produced?

The type of cotton we commonly use in various things, from clothes to curtains, usually involves a series of processes, from planting to textile manufacturing.

Growing Process:

• Planting: Cotton seeds are planted in fields, often using genetically modified varieties for higher yields and resistance to pests.
• Irrigation: Cotton generally has the highest water footprint of all agricultural products and often requires extensive irrigation, especially in arid regions. However, drought-resistant varieties are being developed to lessen water consumption.
• Chemical Applications: Cotton farming relies heavily on synthetic pesticides and herbicides to control pests and weeds.
• Harvesting: Cotton bolls containing cotton fibers are harvested mechanically using machines.

Production of Raw Cotton into Textiles:

• Ginning: The cotton bolls are processed in a machine to separate the cotton fibers from the seeds and other plant matter.
• Baling: The ginned cotton is compressed into bales for storage and transportation.
• Spinning: The cotton fibers are spun into yarn, which can be either carded or combed for different qualities.
• Weaving or Knitting: The yarn is then woven into fabric on a loom or knitted into fabric using needles.
• Finishing: The fabric undergoes various finishing processes, such as dyeing, printing, and treatment with chemicals to improve its properties.

How is Organic Cotton Produced?

Organic cotton production is a more environmentally sustainable alternative to regular cotton farming. It involves a series of practices that minimize the use of synthetic inputs and promote biodiversity.

Growing Process:

• Organic Certification: Organic cotton farms must be certified by a recognized organic certification body like the Global Organic Textile Standard (GOTS) and International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements (IFOAM). This ensures that they adhere to strict organic standards.
• Seed Selection: Organic cotton farmers use non-GMO seeds that are free from harsh chemicals.
• Crop Rotation: Crop rotation is a common practice in organic farming. It helps to improve soil health, reduce pest pressure, and prevent the buildup of diseases.
• Natural Pest Control: Organic farmers rely on natural pest control methods, such as crop rotation, beneficial insects, and physical barriers, rather than synthetic pesticides.
• Fertilization: Organic fertilizers, such as compost, manure, and cover crops, are used to nourish the soil and provide essential nutrients to the cotton plants.

Production of Raw Cotton into Textiles:

• Ginning and Baling: The ginning and baling processes for organic cotton are similar to those used for conventional cotton.
• Traceability: Organic cotton is often certified with a traceability system that ensures that the cotton can be traced back to the organic farm.
• Spinning, Weaving, and Knitting: The spinning, weaving, and knitting processes for organic cotton are also similar to those used for conventional cotton.
• Organic Certification: The finished textiles must be certified organic to ensure that they were produced using organic cotton and have not been contaminated with non-organic materials.

Comparing Organic Cotton vs Conventional Cotton

Now that you know the production process for organic cotton and conventional cotton, let’s look at what makes them different;

Quality

• Softness and Durability: Organic and conventional cotton can produce high-quality, soft, and durable fabrics. However, some consumers believe that organic cotton may have a slightly different feel due to the lack of chemical treatments.
• Colorfastness: Organic cotton fibers are often considered more colorfast than conventional cotton, meaning the colors are less likely to fade.

Production

• Environmental Impact: Organic cotton production is generally considered more environmentally friendly than conventional cotton production due to its reduced reliance on synthetic and toxic chemicals and positive impact on soil health and biodiversity.
• Labor Practices: Organic cotton production often involves more labor-intensive practices, such as natural pest control and hand-picking, which can support local economies and improve working conditions.

Cost

• Pricing: It is typically more expensive to produce organic cotton than conventional cotton products due to the higher production costs associated with organic farming and certification.
• Value: While organic cotton may be more expensive, some consumers believe that the environmental benefits and potential health advantages justify the higher cost.

Health

• Chemical Residue: Textiles from non-organic cotton farming methods may contain trace amounts of pesticides and herbicides, which the skin can absorb. Organic cotton, on the other hand, is free from these harmful chemicals.
• Allergies: Typical cotton are, as opposed organic cotton, bleached and exposed to chemicals and some people may be sensitive to these. Organic cotton can be better for individuals with allergies or skin sensitivities.

Availability

• Market Share: Conventional cotton still dominates the global market, but the demand for organic cotton has increased in recent years.
• Product Selection: The availability of organic cotton products varies depending on the region and retailer. However, the number of brands offering organic cotton clothing and home goods has significantly increased.

Organic Cotton vs Cotton FAQs

Why is 100% pure cotton expensive?

Organic cotton production is generally more labor-intensive and requires more resources than conventional cotton production. This can lead to higher production costs. Obtaining organic certification from institutions like GOTS involves inspections, audits, and labeling costs. 

Moreover, the demand for organic cotton products has been increasing, which can drive up prices. However, as the market for organic cotton grows, prices may become more competitive.

Is organic cotton better for the skin?

There might be no definitive scientific proof that organic cotton is inherently better for the skin than conventional cotton, but it is a healthier choice. Organic cotton is grown without synthetic pesticides and herbicides, which can be absorbed through the skin and potentially cause irritation or allergic reactions. 

How to check if cotton is organic?

To ensure that you are purchasing certified organic cotton products, look for the following standards:

• Global Organic Textile Standard (GOTS): This is the most widely recognized certification for organic textiles. It guarantees that the product is made from at least 95% organic cotton and meets strict environmental and social criteria.
• Organic Content Standard (OCS): This certification verifies that the product contains a specified amount of organic cotton, but it may not necessarily meet the same environmental and social standards as GOTS.

Does organic cotton last longer?

Organic cotton clothes can be just as durable as conventional cotton, but it depends on factors such as the quality of the fabric, the care instructions, and how the garment is treated. 

Some consumers believe that organic cotton may be more durable due to the lack of chemical treatments that can weaken the fibers. However, it's important to follow the care instructions carefully to ensure that your organic cotton garments last as long as possible.

What Kind of Cotton Should You Choose?

The choice between organic and conventional cotton ultimately depends on you. But if you are looking for an environmentally sustainable and ethically produced option, organic cotton is better for you. 

In a market for a new look? Check out Rizz Living’s top sellers, made with 100% pure cotton tailored with care for you and the world.

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